TEXTO DE APOIO (clique para abrir / fechar)
THE CONSULTING BUSINESS
The roots of the consulting business go back to 1911, when Frederick Winslow Taylor, a mechanical engineer who had become the manager of a steel plant, wrote the monograph Principles of Scientific Management. Taylor was obsessed with efficient manufacturing and the output of individual workers – what we today call “productivity.” He concluded that manufacturing should be separated into individual tasks, timed rigorously, and carried out by workers selected “scientifically” and trained appropriately.
In this new world, workers were treated more as resources than individuals. And while managers and workers were theoretically equal (in the early part of his career, Taylor had worked as a factory laborer), the managers were in charge of planning and supervision. This emerging executive class was responsible for the results and, implicitly, entitled to a greater share of the rewards.
Taylorism spawned [gerou] a generation of consulting firms in the U.S. and Europe. Large-scale manufacturers such as the auto, chemical, and steel industries were desperate to improve efficiency. The consultant, armed with charts and numbers, showed up [apareceu] to provide the answer.
Taylorism even found support in the Soviet Union. Initially, the Bolsheviks (the Marxist revolutionaries that established the Soviet Union) thought management consultancy was a pseudoscience aimed at squeezing the working class. But Lenin himself acknowledged in 1918 that “the Russian is a bad worker [who must] learn to work.” By the mid-1920s, Lenin and Trotsky embraced Taylorism, contracting the U.S.-based consultant Walter Polakov for advice on developing the Soviet Union’s first five-year plan. The Bolsheviks were happy to adopt some of the latest capitalist methods – and that included Taylorism – to build their new socialist society.
QUESTÃO
According to the information in the passage, which of the following is most likely a result of Taylorism?
The difference between worker pay and executive pay became bigger than ever.
Greater numbers of workers joined trade unions to avoid being exploited by predatory labor practices.
Efficiency in large-scale industries improved, and consulting firms emerged to help companies optimize production.
The Soviet Union adopted even more capitalist methods to grow the national economy.
The U.S. developed the largest, most powerful industrial infrastructure in the world.
🔐 Gabarito (clique para revelar)
🧭 Leitura orientada
A questão pede identificar o resultado mais provável do Taylorismo, com base nas consequências descritas ao longo do texto. É preciso reconhecer os efeitos diretos desse modelo de organização do trabalho.
🔍 Identificação das consequências do Taylorismo
O texto afirma que o Taylorismo levou à busca sistemática por eficiência em grandes indústrias, especialmente nos setores automobilístico, químico e siderúrgico. Para atender essa demanda, surgiu uma nova figura profissional: o consultor, que utilizava dados, gráficos e métricas para otimizar processos produtivos.
🧠 Núcleo de sentido
Assim, o Taylorismo não apenas aumentou a eficiência industrial, como também deu origem ao negócio da consultoria, responsável por auxiliar empresas a maximizar produtividade e resultados.
🔍 Análise alternativa por alternativa (com pegadinhas)
(A) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: embora gestores tenham passado
a receber mais recompensas,
o texto não afirma que a diferença salarial
tenha atingido níveis inéditos.
(B) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: o texto não menciona
crescimento sindical como consequência do Taylorismo.
(C) ✅ Correta — GABARITO
A alternativa resume fielmente o texto:
o Taylorismo aumentou a
eficiência em indústrias de grande escala
e impulsionou o surgimento de
empresas de consultoria
especializadas em otimização da produção.
(D) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: a adoção de métodos capitalistas
pela União Soviética é consequência indireta
e contextual, não o principal resultado do Taylorismo.
(E) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: o texto não atribui
a supremacia industrial dos EUA
exclusivamente ao Taylorismo.
🧠 Resumo B3GE™ Master
✔ Taylorismo focou eficiência e produtividade.
✔ Grandes indústrias buscaram otimização.
✔ Surgiram firmas de consultoria especializadas.
🔎 Gabarito confirmado: (C)