⬛TEXTO BASE
Picture this: You answer a phone call one day and hear a voice that sounds like your child. They tell you that they have been kidnapped and need cash for a ransom right away. You scramble to help—only to realize that the voice on the other end of the line isn’t your child but rather part of a sophisticated, terrifying new AI call.
Imposter scams have been around for years, but artificial intelligence has made them more sophisticated and convincing. “AI did not change much in terms of why people do scams—it just provided a new avenue to execute them,” Madry says. “Be it blackmail, scam or misinformation or disinformation, all now can be much cheaper to execute and more persuasive.”
While AI has been around for decades for both criminal and everyday use—think: AI password cracking and AI assistants like Alexa and Siri—it was expensive and required a massive amount of computing power to run. As a result, shady characters needed a lot of time and expertise with specialized software to impersonate someone’s voice using AI.
“Now, all of this is available for anyone who just spends some time watching tutorials on YouTube or reading how-to docs and is willing to tinker a bit with the AI systems they can download from the internet,” says Madry.
On top of that, Velasquez notes that previous imposter phone scams used to blame a poor connection or bad accident to explain why their voice sounded different. But today’s technology “has become so good that it is almost impossible for the human ear to be able to tell that the voice on the other end of the phone is not the person it purports to be,” says Alex Hamerstone, a director with the security-consulting firm TrustedSec.
🔗 Disponível em: https://www.rd.com/. Acesso em: 4 jan. 2025.
🟨 QUESTÃO 42.
According to the text, mark the statement that best describes the main reason why it is difficult to stop AI scams.
A) Impostors have found sophisticated ways to execute AI scams at a much lower cost and with greater persuasiveness.
B) Over the years, AI has transformed the motivations behind scams, enabling people to carry out various activities such as blackmail and misinformation.
C) Technology is so advanced that it’s nearly impossible to distinguish whether the voice on the phone is not the person it claims to be.
D) The immense computing power needed to run programs designed to combat AI-driven scams has grown insignificantly in recent times.
Gabarito: 🄲
🧭 1️⃣ Leitura orientada
A questão cobra ideia principal e causa central (main reason). O candidato deve localizar a frase que explica por que esses golpes são difíceis de conter: o texto enfatiza a indistinguibilidade da voz para o ouvido humano.
📝 2️⃣ Análise técnica das alternativas
(A) ❌ Incorreta.
O texto afirma que golpes ficaram mais baratos e mais persuasivos, mas isso descreve o aumento da eficiência do golpe, não o motivo principal de ser difícil parar (stop).
🚩 Pegadinha da banca: alternativa “verdadeira” no texto, porém não é a ideia central pedida.
(B) ❌ Incorreta.
O texto diz explicitamente o contrário: “AI did not change much in terms of why people do scams” (não mudou as motivações). AI apenas abriu um novo meio de execução.
🚩 Pegadinha da banca: inverter o sentido de uma frase-chave do texto.
(C) ✅ Correta.
A resposta está praticamente “copiada” do trecho final: a tecnologia ficou tão boa que é quase impossível para o ouvido humano perceber que a voz não é de quem diz ser (“almost impossible for the human ear…”).
✅ Isso explica diretamente por que é difícil interromper: o golpe se torna convincente demais para identificação humana imediata.
(D) ❌ Incorreta.
O texto comenta que, no passado, a AI exigia muito poder computacional para executar o golpe, mas não diz que programas de combate cresceram “insignificantly”, nem apresenta isso como razão central.
🚩 Pegadinha da banca: criar detalhe técnico que o texto não afirma.
🚩 3️⃣ Armadilhas clássicas da UFU
• Confundir detalhe relevante com razão principal (“main reason”)
• Alternativas que “batem” com frases do texto, mas respondem outra pergunta
• Inversão de sentido em citações (“AI did not change why…”)
🧠 4️⃣ Resumo B3GE™ Master
✔ A dificuldade de parar os golpes está na qualidade da imitação: o ouvido humano quase não distingue a fraude
✔ O texto sustenta isso no trecho “almost impossible for the human ear…”
🔎 Gabarito: 🄲